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Hardware is the component that makes the computer function. It is the driving force behind the functioning of a computer. Software consists of programs which enables a computer to perform a specific task. The software of a computer would include application software like a word processor which enables a user to perform a particular task. There is also system software such as an operating system which enables other software to run properly and function smoothly without any hassles. The term software is reserved specifically for programming instruction streams in order to run von Neumann architectures, that is, for procedural programming.
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The software is loaded into the RAM (Random Access Memory) of a computer and it is executed in the CPU (central Processing Unit). Speaking at the lowest level, software consists of a machine language which is specific to an individual processor. Machine language is normally written in high level programming language. Software can also be written in an assembly language. John W. Tukey in the year 1958 used the term "software" for the first time. Generally speaking, computer software is divided into the following types:
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System software: This type of software helps to run the computer system and the hardware of the computer. This includes the operating system, the device drivers, diagnostic tools, servers, windowing systems, utilities and other such applications. The purpose of this software is to insulate the applications programmer as much as possible.
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Programming software: This type of software generally provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs and software by using different programming languages in a convenient and user friendly manner. The tools used would include text editors, compilers, interpreters, linkers, debuggers and other such applications. These various tools are merged into a software bundle by an Integrated Development Environment (IDE).
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Application Software: : This type of software allows the end user to accomplish one or more specific tasks which are non-computer related.
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